Waist Reduction
Shale is designed without a closure, which means that the waistband has to be wide enough to go over your seat so you can wear it.
Around your seat, the seat ease is added on top of that seat measurement to give you some space and room for movement.
This option controls how much of that ease is also applied to the waistband.
At 0%, the waistband will have the same fabric width as the width of the fabric at the seat, so that the pants you sew will have a rectangular shape (if you ignore the elastic). This can look better with some patterned fabrics (for example, with vertical stripes).
At 100%, the waistband will have the same circumference as the seat measurement, without any additional ease applied, so that you will just be able to put the pants on. This makes the top a bit slimmer and more fitted.